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Fluorescent chloride sensors are used for chemical analysis. The discoveries of chloride (Cl−) participations in physiological processes stimulates the measurements of intracellular Cl− in live cells and the development of fluorescent tools referred below. ==Quinoline-based dyes== The quinolinium Cl− indicators are based on the capability of halides to quench the fluorescence of heterocyclic organic compounds with quaternary nitrogen. Fluorescence is quenched by a collision mechanism with a linear Stern–Volmer relationship: F0/F=1+K() where: F0 is the fluorescence in the absence of halide F is the fluorescence in the presence of halide K is the Stern–Volmer quenching constant (in M-1) Thus it is one wavelength dyes and radiometric measurement of halide concentration is not possible with quinolinium dyes. The kinetics of collision quenching is diffusion limited only. The indicators provide submillisecond time resolution. Quinolinium-based dyes are insensitive to physiological changes in pH, but they are prone to strong bleaching and need for ultraviolet excitation that could be damaging for the cell. The quinolinium-based halide indicators require cell loading. They are not retained perfectly in the cell and cannot be targeted easily to subcellular organelles. The most used quinolinium-based Cl− indicators are 6-methoxy-1-(3-sulfonatopropyl) quinolinium (SPQ), 6-methoxy-N-ethylquinolium Cl− (MEQ), and N-(6-methoxyquinolyl)-acetoethyl ester (MQAE). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fluorescent chloride sensors」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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